Skip to main content
Skip to main content

Preparation and Processing of Plant, Microbial and Animal Samples, and Sectioning by Microtomy and Ultramicrotomy

Hands-on/Practical Session M. Others Stereomicroscopy Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) Brightfield Microscopy (BFM) Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM) Widefield Fluorescence Microscopy (WFF)

Technologies

M. Others

Stereomicroscopy

Provides a 3D, low-magnification view of large specimens (e.g., embryos, small organisms) using two separate optical paths.

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

Passes an electron beam through an ultra-thin specimen to image internal ultrastructure with atomic-level resolution.

Brightfield Microscopy (BFM)

Basic trans-illumination where contrast arises from light absorption by the specimen; typically used for fixed, stained tissues.

Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM)

Employs a pinhole aperture and focused laser beams to collect serial optical sections, allowing for high-contrast 3D reconstruction.

Widefield Fluorescence Microscopy (WFF)

Conventional fluorescence imaging using broadband sources (LED, Metal-Halide, or Hg lamps) for full-field excitation.

Description

Training

CTEM provides theoretical and hands-on training in microscopy techniques, biological sample preparation, sectioning procedures and image analysis. Training activities are adapted to the participants’ previous experience and to the specific requirements of their research projects.

Preparation and Processing of Plant, Microbial and Animal Samples, and Sectioning by Microtomy and Ultramicrotomy

This training activity provides theoretical and practical instruction in the preparation and processing of biological samples of different origins, including plant tissues, microorganisms and animal tissues, for light and transmission electron microscopy.

Participants are introduced to the main stages of the sample preparation workflow, including:

  • Selection and collection of biological samples

  • Chemical fixation and post-fixation

  • Dehydration and infiltration

  • Embedding in paraffin, epoxy resins or acrylic resins

  • Orientation and polymerization of embedded samples

  • Preparation and trimming of sample blocks

  • Sectioning using a microtome or ultramicrotome

  • Preparation of semi-thin and ultrathin sections

  • Collection of sections on microscope slides or TEM grids

  • Staining and contrasting procedures

  • Evaluation of section quality and identification of common preparation artefacts

Training includes the preparation of paraffin and resin-embedded samples and the use of microtomes and ultramicrotomes to obtain sections of different thicknesses according to the microscopy technique to be applied.

Microtomy training focuses on obtaining sections for light microscopy, histological staining, fluorescence microscopy and immunolocalization studies. Ultramicrotomy training covers the preparation of semi-thin sections for sample orientation and ultrathin sections for transmission electron microscopy.

The activity also addresses the specific characteristics and processing requirements of plant, microbial and animal samples. Particular attention is paid to the preservation of cellular and subcellular structures, the correct orientation of the specimens and the prevention of artefacts during fixation, embedding and sectioning.

At the end of the training, participants will be able to understand the complete sample preparation workflow, select the most appropriate processing method for their samples and assess the quality of the sections obtained.

Training may be offered through individual sessions, practical workshops or specific activities linked to research projects. The degree of user autonomy will depend on previous experience, successful completion of the training and compliance with CTEM equipment-use and safety procedures.

Technical Resources

External links are provided by the corresponding laboratory. REMOA Labs is not responsible for the content, availability or accuracy of such resources.

More Training in this Lab